Transcendentalism. What does it mean? According to a book called 'Masterpieces of Literature', edited by Frank N. Magill, the Transcendentalists had "a healthy irreverence for secondhand customs and beliefs, especially those transplanted to America from England ... a desire to mend the supposed split between God and man in order to glorify God-man, and they insisted that Christ be seen as a historical personage, a man ..." This was around the 1840's.